Document Type : Methodologies
Author
Allameh Tabatab'i University
Abstract
The purpose of this article is to critically evaluate the literature on methodology and research methods regarding the research problem. The importance of problem statement has been discussed abundantly in research method sources. Despite the importance of the problem in research, today we see research that either lacks a problem or is weak in expressing the problem. For many researchers, especially graduate students, choosing the problem has become a dilemma. The main problem is that despite the extensive discussion of the importance of the issue, there has been less discussion about the nature and elements of the issue. The present article tries to provide a coherent and at the same time practical model for problem statement by reviewing the literature on the nature and meaning of problem statement and its components. By examining the ratio of reality and knowledge in the formation of the problem, the article introduces the nature of the problem as an artificial thing created by the researcher, which is usually expressed in the form of two models: the model of conflict in science and the model of emptiness in science. In the first model, the researcher creates a conflict between the reality and the expectation based on his scientific knowledge.
In the second model, the researcher looks for his problem in the deficiencies, inadequacies and failures of the existing science. This shortcoming can also be at the experimental level; It can also be at the theoretical level. While stating the components and elements of each pattern, the article shows that these two patterns have a single logic.
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