The Role of Religious Teachings in
Solving the Environmental Crises
Mohammad
Bidhendi
Assistant Professor and the Member of Scientific Board of Department of Theology, Isfahan University
author
Ali
Karbasizadeh
Assistant Professor and the Member of Scientific Board of Department of Philosophy, Isfahan University
author
Mohsen
Shiravand
Student of PhD in Bioethics Philosophy
author
text
article
2011
per
God has created the being in an unrivalled order and astonishing unity. A small part of this order is nature and man. Nature with all its existents is in relation to another part of being, i.e. man. According to the teachings of Abrahamic (monotheistic) religions, the whole being and thus nature are worshipping their Creator. This implies an alive and perceiving creature, which has [because of its being perceiving] some rights and obligations. God has granted nature and all its good things to man so that, enjoying it, he may attain his ultimate happiness which is the same as closeness to God. This is an interactive relation between two living creatures and not a relation according to which one side (man) may exploit the other side (nature). The link between man and nature is the fundamental issue of the ultimate goal of creation of man. While analyzing the existing teachings of the Abrahamic religions concerning the subject matter of the present study, the article has provided some reply for the question "What is man's role in producing evil (whether natural and supra-natural)?"
The methodology of the present study is an analytic-philosophical view to the phenomena of the world while discussing teachings of the monotheistic religions.
Among the results of the present study, we man mention discussing environmental crisis in a new and religion-based light, providing fundamental religious solutions for the problem, and existence of evil in the being if man comes into conflict with the environment.
Science and Religion Studies
IHCS
38306462
1
v.
2
no.
2011
7
21
https://elmodin.ihcs.ac.ir/article_441_9723eeacee94c244f5d9012c6aa3c14a.pdf
Impact of Islamic Civilization on Blossoming of Applied Mathematics:
Calculation of the Distance between Baghdad and Mecca by Abolwafa Buzjani
Jafar
Aqayani Chavoushi
Member of Scientific Board, Sharif University of Industry and researcher in history and philosophy of mathematics
author
text
article
2011
per
In the 4th Century (AD), in a short essay of which a manuscript is extant, the eminent Iranian mathematician and astronomer, Abulwafa Buzjani, determined the distance between Baghdad and Mecca in an entirely innovative way. He has generalized this method to determine the distance between all cities, if their geographical longitudes and latitudes are known.
In the present article, after a review of the era of Buzjani which is known as the golden era of Islamic civilization and the applied mathematics became popular in that period, using the modern mathematical signs, his method is discussed; then, the result is compared with the results of one of the modern methods in this field so that accuracy of the this great mathematician may be shown in a better way.
Science and Religion Studies
IHCS
38306462
1
v.
2
no.
2011
23
40
https://elmodin.ihcs.ac.ir/article_442_7a6507bd4a26cfde97d4419270d7a499.pdf
Concepts of Human Growth and Development
according to Islam and West
Nikoo
Dialameh
Assistant Professor and Member of Scientific Board, Imam Sadiq (pbuh) University
author
Maryam
Baradaran Haghir
* M.S. in Educational Management, Imam Sadiq (pbuh) University
author
text
article
2011
per
All kinds of human knowledge are communicated by a language and through words which contain concepts. In all sciences, researchers should communicate concepts through words and statements which may be easily explained and described, and their limits may be determined in an easy manner so that the researcher may be able to communicate meanings and concepts, as he has them in his minds, to the audience.
Development and growth are among concepts which are used in various fields without paying a real attention to their conceptual content. This is important since in transmitting a concept from a culture to the other, fundamental differences are of influence in internalizing it and making it functional.
In the present article, to make a comparison about the human growth and development in the intellectual framework popular in the West, the authors have redefined these concepts in the intellectual framework of Islam.
Science and Religion Studies
IHCS
38306462
1
v.
2
no.
2011
41
63
https://elmodin.ihcs.ac.ir/article_443_2c7fe19c5fdd4d44a9bb64a2c1a7fe6e.pdf
Relation between Reason and Religion in Kant Philosophy
Esmail
Saadati Khmaseh
Assistant Professor, Institute of Islamic Culture and Thought
author
text
article
2011
per
Relation between religion and reason in Kant's philosophy is one of the topics which is difficult to be judged rapidly and decisively. In the present article, relying on Kant's important works and in particular his Religion within the Limits of Reason Alone, the author tries to explore and describe Kant's real position. Taking into account transcendent idealism and originality of reason's autonomy in the Critical Philosophy as well as metaphors used by Kant in his works, we will come to the conclusion that, in Kant's intellectual construct, points such as God, revelation, religion, and permanence have been mentioned in various ways and emphasized occasionally. But either these points are considered as unproved axioms of ethics and mental ideas or they are of importance as much as they are consistent with principles and axioms ratified by human autonomous reason; and, conscience sometimes helps this reason and some other times it is supported by such a reason. In long run, in Kant's thoughts, God is reduced to a moral commonwealth which is a society based on virtues; and permanence is stripped of its individual and personal aspect and changes into a typical and collective hope for realization of such a society. Thus, as a personal phenomenon like dreaming, revelation is of interest as much as it is consistent with rules, laws, and ideals of the autonomous reason (whether theoretical or practical). Otherwise, like dreaming, it is regarded as a kind of temporary insanity and exodus from the social realm of man, and is denied implicitly.
Science and Religion Studies
IHCS
38306462
1
v.
2
no.
2011
65
92
https://elmodin.ihcs.ac.ir/article_444_b442a0c89daac4c52f1955ada37d70d7.pdf
A Look at Some Backgrounds of Relation between the Issue of "Soul (Mind)-Body" and the Issue of "Creator-Universe
Pirooz
Faturechi
lecturer of pgilosophy of science department, Sharif University of Technology
author
text
article
2011
per
The present writing is a short study of some backgrounds for relation between two important and long-standing issues in philosophy and theology, i.e. the issue of "soul and body" or to put it by modern terms the issue of "mind-soul" on the one hand and the way that the Creator and the world of nature relate on the other.
May we find a relation between the two issues historically and analytically? To reply this question, at first, it is shown through a short philosophical analysis that in discussing the way that the Creator and the world of nature relate, we face problems which are similar to the problems in our understanding of the issue of relation between soul and body (or mind and body). Then, some examples of historical and contemporary views in the Western philosophy and theology will be mentioned and some backgrounds of relation between the two issues will be discussed. Then, we will search for the backgrounds of relation between the two issues in the Islamic thought.
Serious recommendation about necessity of care and avoidance of extremism in using the simile of soul-body shall be taken into account.
Science and Religion Studies
IHCS
38306462
1
v.
2
no.
2011
93
108
https://elmodin.ihcs.ac.ir/article_445_582ca98ce9de35a38f9a1b7ba9093077.pdf
A Look at Epistemological Functions of Religion in Modern Life: Study of the Role Played by Religion Science
Qodratullah
Qorbani
Assistant Professor, Isfahan University
author
text
article
2011
per
Modern life has its own metaphysical foundations; and these foundations manage various aspects of the modern man's worldly life. The importance of the above foundations lies in the fact that they specify the way man looks at the whole order of being including God, himself, and the world, and thus, they understand and interpret all facts while taking man as a pivot.
As a consequence of man's centrality and then directing all attentions to meet his worldly needs, he goes to extravagance in using God-granted good things of nature, and ignores immaterial and spiritual truths, and these two points are among the main crises of man in the modern world.
It seems that, to solve the crisis of modern life, the role played by religion and in particular by Divine religions, is superior to all other factors; for, religion is able to provide replies for question for which man did not manage to find a reply in modern science and metaphysics.
Taking into account the above role as well as importance of metaphysical knowledge and view in solving the crisis of the modern man, the importance of the role played by religious science in this regard may be found; for, here, religious science is an epistemological system about nature and supra-nature and religious teachings play an important role in shaping its influential variables. And in this way, it grants a religious taint and direction to the whole science and in particular its usages, and prevents emergence of secular and anti-religious consequences
Science and Religion Studies
IHCS
38306462
1
v.
2
no.
2011
109
138
https://elmodin.ihcs.ac.ir/article_446_0bceced8e4078d72e03943fea3c6511f.pdf
A Comparison Made between Stages of Evolution of Man's Embryo According to the Quran, Hadith, and Embriology
Zohreh
Kamkar
Student of Mastership in Islamic Sciences (Sciences of Quran and Hadith), Qom Payam Nur University
author
Shahnaz
Razavi
PhD in Embryology, Assistant Professor, Medicine Department of Isfahan Medical Sciences University
author
Mohammad Hadi
AminNanji
PhD in Islamic Sciences, Member of Scientific Board in Qom Payam Nur University
author
text
article
2011
per
In the present article, a comparison has been made between stages of evolution of man's embryo according to Quran, hadiths, and embryology. Main stages of evolution of the embryo from thickened fluid (emshaj) to congealed blood ('ulqah) to embryo (muzghah) to bones and flesh (scientific names given to them by the Holy Quran) are in correspondence with their microscopic forms and characteristics. In all this stages, embryo's length is not more than few millimeters. Nevertheless, embryology appeared in the second half of the 20th Century with all its modern technology and equipment has confirmed these Quranic descriptions. If one knows the stages of evolution of man's embryo which is a manifestation of the Quran's marvels, his belief in the Owner of the world of creation, God- the Exalted-, as well as the eternal miracle of the Sealing of Prophets, i.e. the Holy Quran, will become stronger.
Science and Religion Studies
IHCS
38306462
1
v.
2
no.
2011
139
159
https://elmodin.ihcs.ac.ir/article_447_1bb56da1d38bc5363c2b5a28bde456e2.pdf